Jerusalem Artichoke
Helianthus tuberosus
A tall perennial sunflower species with rough, hairy stems and leaves. It is primarily known for its edible underground tubers which resemble ginger roots.
- Light
- Full sun (6+ hours per day) is best, though it can tolerate partial shade.
- Water
- Moderate; requires regular watering during the first year, but is moderately drought-tolerant once established. Over-watering can cause tuber rot.
- Growth
- Herbaceous perennial; grows rapidly to heights of 5 to 10 feet with a spread of 2 to 3 feet.
Care instructions
This is a very hardy, vigorous plant. Provide full sun and well-draining soil. It requires little maintenance once established but can become invasive if the tubers are not harvested or contained.
Growing details
Sunlight
Full sun (6+ hours per day) is best, though it can tolerate partial shade.
Watering
Moderate; requires regular watering during the first year, but is moderately drought-tolerant once established. Over-watering can cause tuber rot.
Soil
Prefers loose, well-draining soil with a pH of 6.5 to 7.5, though it is highly adaptable to various soil types including clay.
Hardiness zone
USDA zones 3 to 9
Growth habit
Herbaceous perennial; grows rapidly to heights of 5 to 10 feet with a spread of 2 to 3 feet.
Bloom season
Late summer to fall (August-October); produces bright yellow sunflower-like blooms about 2 inches across.
Propagation
Most easily propagated by planting the tubers in early spring or fall. It can also be grown from seed, though this is less common.
Common pests & issues
Aphids, rust, and powdery mildew are common. Its vigor can also make it a weed issue in gardens if not managed.
Similar species
Common Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) which has larger heads and is annual, or Sawtooth Sunflower (Helianthus serratus) which has narrower leaves.